Current State of Cocoa Plantation: A Review of its Main Limitations
The cocoa (Theobroma cacao L) crop has become very important for Colombia in recent years, due to the increasing in cultivated areas and the exportation commitment of the national government. For 2018, there were in the country approximately 170,000 planted hectares. This species is cultivated betwe...
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| Format: | Online |
| Language: | spa |
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Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
2020
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| Online Access: | https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/ciencia_agricultura/article/view/10729 |
| _version_ | 1801706477333774336 |
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| author | Antolinez Sandoval, Eduar Yovany Almanza Merchán, Pedro José Barona Rodriguez, Ayda Fernanda Polanco Díaz, Eliseo Serrano Cely, Pablo Antonio |
| author_facet | Antolinez Sandoval, Eduar Yovany Almanza Merchán, Pedro José Barona Rodriguez, Ayda Fernanda Polanco Díaz, Eliseo Serrano Cely, Pablo Antonio |
| author_sort | Antolinez Sandoval, Eduar Yovany |
| collection | OJS |
| description | The cocoa (Theobroma cacao L) crop has become very important for Colombia in recent years, due to the increasing in cultivated areas and the exportation commitment of the national government. For 2018, there were in the country approximately 170,000 planted hectares. This species is cultivated between 20° north latitude and 20° south latitude, at altitudes between 0-1200 m.a.s.l. The main cocoa producers are located in the African continent (Ghana and Ivory Coast), which contribute approximately with 70% of world production. In America, the production focuses on fine and aroma cocoa crops, especially in countries such as Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, among others. Currently, this crop faces diverse challenges: scarce availability of labor, the existence of limiting diseases such as those caused by Moniliophthora roreri and Phythophthora spp., and the restrictions established by consuming countries due to the presence of certain heavy metals that are bioaccumulated by cocoa, and that can cause problems for human health. Therefore, the objective of this review is to analyze different variables that intervene in this crop as a consultation tool for producers and technicians interested in the cocoa production system, so that it becomes a decision-making instrument for the crop cultivation and the starting up implications. |
| format | Online |
| id | oai:oai.revistas.uptc.edu.co:article-10729 |
| institution | Revista Ciencia y Agricultura |
| language | spa |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:oai.revistas.uptc.edu.co:article-107292021-07-13T04:48:35Z Current State of Cocoa Plantation: A Review of its Main Limitations Estado actual de la cacaocultura: una revisión de sus principales limitantes Antolinez Sandoval, Eduar Yovany Almanza Merchán, Pedro José Barona Rodriguez, Ayda Fernanda Polanco Díaz, Eliseo Serrano Cely, Pablo Antonio Pests Diseases, Heavy Metals, Rural Economy, Cadmium Pests Diseases Heavy Metals Rural Economy Cadmium Plagas Enfermedades Metales pesados Economia Rural Cadmio sistema productivo Manejo Agronómico de cultivo Plagas y Enfermedades Cacao The cocoa (Theobroma cacao L) crop has become very important for Colombia in recent years, due to the increasing in cultivated areas and the exportation commitment of the national government. For 2018, there were in the country approximately 170,000 planted hectares. This species is cultivated between 20° north latitude and 20° south latitude, at altitudes between 0-1200 m.a.s.l. The main cocoa producers are located in the African continent (Ghana and Ivory Coast), which contribute approximately with 70% of world production. In America, the production focuses on fine and aroma cocoa crops, especially in countries such as Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, among others. Currently, this crop faces diverse challenges: scarce availability of labor, the existence of limiting diseases such as those caused by Moniliophthora roreri and Phythophthora spp., and the restrictions established by consuming countries due to the presence of certain heavy metals that are bioaccumulated by cocoa, and that can cause problems for human health. Therefore, the objective of this review is to analyze different variables that intervene in this crop as a consultation tool for producers and technicians interested in the cocoa production system, so that it becomes a decision-making instrument for the crop cultivation and the starting up implications. El cultivo del cacao (Theobroma cacao L) ha adquirido gran importancia para Colombia en los últimos años, debido al incremento de las áreas cultivadas y al compromiso con su exportación por parte del Gobierno nacional. Para el año 2018, en el país había aproximadamente 170.000 hectáreas sembradas. Esta especie se cultiva entre los 20° de latitud norte y los 20° de latitud sur, a altitudes comprendidas entre los 0-1200 msnm. Los principales productores de cacao se encuentran ubicados en el continente africano (Ghana y Costa de Marfil), que contribuyen aproximadamente con el 70 % de la producción mundial. En América, la producción se enfoca en cultivos de cacao fino y de aroma, especialmente en países como Ecuador, Perú, Brasil, Colombia, México, entre otros. Los retos que enfrenta este cultivo en la actualidad son diversos: la escasa disponibilidad de mano de obra, la existencia de enfermedades limitantes como las causadas por Moniliophthora roreri y Phythophthora spp., y las restricciones establecidas por los países consumidores frente a la presencia de ciertos metales pesados que son bioacumulados por el cacao y que pueden generar problemas a la salud humana. Por tanto, el objetivo de esta revisión es analizar las diferentes variables que intervienen en este cultivo, como instrumento de consulta para productores y técnicos interesados en este sistema productivo, con el fin de que se convierta en una herramienta en la toma de decisiones del cultivo y de sus implicaciones de establecimiento. Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia 2020-05-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Review Articulo de Revisión application/pdf application/xml https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/ciencia_agricultura/article/view/10729 10.19053/01228420.v17.n2.2020.10729 Ciencia y Agricultura; Vol. 17 No. 2 (2020): Mayo-Agosto 2020; 1-11 Ciencia y Agricultura; Vol. 17 Núm. 2 (2020): Mayo-Agosto 2020; 1-11 2539-0899 spa https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/ciencia_agricultura/article/view/10729/9336 https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/ciencia_agricultura/article/view/10729/9403 Copyright (c) 2020 Eduar Yovany Antolinez Sandoval |
| spellingShingle | Pests Diseases, Heavy Metals, Rural Economy, Cadmium Pests Diseases Heavy Metals Rural Economy Cadmium Plagas Enfermedades Metales pesados Economia Rural Cadmio sistema productivo Manejo Agronómico de cultivo Plagas y Enfermedades Cacao Antolinez Sandoval, Eduar Yovany Almanza Merchán, Pedro José Barona Rodriguez, Ayda Fernanda Polanco Díaz, Eliseo Serrano Cely, Pablo Antonio Current State of Cocoa Plantation: A Review of its Main Limitations |
| title | Current State of Cocoa Plantation: A Review of its Main Limitations |
| title_alt | Estado actual de la cacaocultura: una revisión de sus principales limitantes |
| title_full | Current State of Cocoa Plantation: A Review of its Main Limitations |
| title_fullStr | Current State of Cocoa Plantation: A Review of its Main Limitations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Current State of Cocoa Plantation: A Review of its Main Limitations |
| title_short | Current State of Cocoa Plantation: A Review of its Main Limitations |
| title_sort | current state of cocoa plantation a review of its main limitations |
| topic | Pests Diseases, Heavy Metals, Rural Economy, Cadmium Pests Diseases Heavy Metals Rural Economy Cadmium Plagas Enfermedades Metales pesados Economia Rural Cadmio sistema productivo Manejo Agronómico de cultivo Plagas y Enfermedades Cacao |
| topic_facet | Pests Diseases, Heavy Metals, Rural Economy, Cadmium Pests Diseases Heavy Metals Rural Economy Cadmium Plagas Enfermedades Metales pesados Economia Rural Cadmio sistema productivo Manejo Agronómico de cultivo Plagas y Enfermedades Cacao |
| url | https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/ciencia_agricultura/article/view/10729 |
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