Armed conflict in Guatemala: historical reconstruction and collective memory of the Mayan Chuj people
At the beginning of 1980, one of the most intense and atrocious military repressions in the long history of political violence of Guatemala was unleashed. Within the framework of the disputes of the Cold War, the Mayan peoples became internal enemies of national projects and, therefore, they were th...
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| Format: | Online |
| Language: | spa |
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Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
2021
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| Online Access: | https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/historia_memoria/article/view/10791 |
| _version_ | 1801706388541407232 |
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| author | López Bracamonte, Fabiola Manyari |
| author_facet | López Bracamonte, Fabiola Manyari |
| author_sort | López Bracamonte, Fabiola Manyari |
| collection | OJS |
| description | At the beginning of 1980, one of the most intense and atrocious military repressions in the long history of political violence of Guatemala was unleashed. Within the framework of the disputes of the Cold War, the Mayan peoples became internal enemies of national projects and, therefore, they were the targets of strategies of terror, forcing them to migrate in order to protect their physical and cultural lives. Although the state violence marked a rupture, experiences such as those of the Mayan Chuj people are an example of physical and symbolic resistance. With the aim of contributing new data for analysis and reflection concerning the violence exerted over the Mayan peoples in Guatemala, this article conducts a historical reconstruction of those events, revisiting aspects of the historical and collective memory of the Mayan Chuj people. To this end, the quality of the political, social and cultural interactions of the essential aspects that unleashed, accompanied and marked the context of the armed conflict, the forced displacement, protection and refuge in Mexico are analysed, as well as the return and repatriation of the Mayan Chuj people to Guatemala. |
| format | Online |
| id | oai:oai.revistas.uptc.edu.co:article-10791 |
| institution | Revista Historia Y Memoria |
| language | spa |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:oai.revistas.uptc.edu.co:article-107912023-06-28T19:53:01Z Armed conflict in Guatemala: historical reconstruction and collective memory of the Mayan Chuj people Conflicto armado en Guatemala: reconstrucción histórica y memoria colectiva del pueblo maya chuj Le conflit armé au Guatemala : reconstruction historique et mémoire collective du peuple maya chuj López Bracamonte, Fabiola Manyari Cold War forced displacement state violence internal enemies sanctuary return guerra fría desplazamiento forzado violencia de Estado enemigos internos refugio retorno Guerre froide déplacement forcé violence d’État ennemis internes exil retour At the beginning of 1980, one of the most intense and atrocious military repressions in the long history of political violence of Guatemala was unleashed. Within the framework of the disputes of the Cold War, the Mayan peoples became internal enemies of national projects and, therefore, they were the targets of strategies of terror, forcing them to migrate in order to protect their physical and cultural lives. Although the state violence marked a rupture, experiences such as those of the Mayan Chuj people are an example of physical and symbolic resistance. With the aim of contributing new data for analysis and reflection concerning the violence exerted over the Mayan peoples in Guatemala, this article conducts a historical reconstruction of those events, revisiting aspects of the historical and collective memory of the Mayan Chuj people. To this end, the quality of the political, social and cultural interactions of the essential aspects that unleashed, accompanied and marked the context of the armed conflict, the forced displacement, protection and refuge in Mexico are analysed, as well as the return and repatriation of the Mayan Chuj people to Guatemala. A principios de 1980 se desencadenó una de las más intensas y atroces represiones militares en la larga historia de violencia política de Guatemala. En el marco de las disputas de la Guerra fría los pueblos mayas se volvieron enemigos internos para los proyectos nacionales, por lo que las estrategias de terror se ensañaron con ellos, obligándoles a desplazarse para resguardar su vida física y cultural. Aunque la violencia de Estado marcó una ruptura, experiencias como las del pueblo maya chuj se erigen como ejemplo de resistencia física y simbólica. Con el objetivo de aportar nuevos datos de análisis y reflexión en torno a la violencia ejercida sobre los pueblos mayas en Guatemala, este artículo realiza una reconstrucción histórica de esos acontecimientos retomando aspectos de la memoria histórica y la memoria colectiva del pueblo maya chuj. Para ello se analizan la cualidad de las interacciones políticas, sociales y culturales de los aspectos esenciales que desencadenaron, acompañaron y marcaron el contexto del conflicto armado, el desplazamiento forzado, el resguardo y el refugio en México, así como el retorno y repatriación a Guatemala del pueblo chuj. Au début de 1980, une atroce répression militaire s’est déclenché au Guatemala, un pays qui a connu une longue histoire de violence politique. Dans le cadre des disputes propres à la Guerre froide, les peuples mayas sont devenus ennemis internes des projets nationaux, et c’est pourquoi les stratégies de terreur les ont pris pour cible les obligeant à se déraciner pour sauver leurs vies et leurs cultures. Si bien que la violence de l’État a marqué une rupture, des expériences comme celle du peuple maya chuj s’érigent comme un exemple de résistance physique et symbolique. Dans le dessein d’apporter des nouvelles données pour l’analyse sur la violence exercée contre les peuples mayas au Guatemala, cet article propose une reconstruction historique de ces événements historiques en revenant sur la mémoire historique et la mémoire collective du peuple maya chuj. Pour ce faire, on analyse la qualité des interactions politiques, sociales et culturelles des situations ayant marqué le contexte du conflit armé, le déplacement forcé, la migration au Mexique et le retour du peuple chuj au Guatemala. Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia 2021-01-01 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf application/pdf https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/historia_memoria/article/view/10791 10.19053/20275137.n22.2021.10791 Historia Y Memoria; No. 22 (2021): The media and the memory: the mediatization of past; 323-357 Historia Y Memoria; Núm. 22 (2021): Enero-Junio 2021. Medios de comunicación: la mediatización del pasado; 323-357 Historia Y Memoria; No 22 (2021): Mass-média et mémoire: la médiatisation du passé; 323-357 2322-777X 2027-5137 10.19053/20275137.n22.2021 spa https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/historia_memoria/article/view/10791/9999 https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/historia_memoria/article/view/10791/11130 https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/historia_memoria/article/view/10791/13042 Derechos de autor 2020 Historia Y MEMORIA |
| spellingShingle | Cold War forced displacement state violence internal enemies sanctuary return guerra fría desplazamiento forzado violencia de Estado enemigos internos refugio retorno Guerre froide déplacement forcé violence d’État ennemis internes exil retour López Bracamonte, Fabiola Manyari Armed conflict in Guatemala: historical reconstruction and collective memory of the Mayan Chuj people |
| title | Armed conflict in Guatemala: historical reconstruction and collective memory of the Mayan Chuj people |
| title_alt | Conflicto armado en Guatemala: reconstrucción histórica y memoria colectiva del pueblo maya chuj Le conflit armé au Guatemala : reconstruction historique et mémoire collective du peuple maya chuj |
| title_full | Armed conflict in Guatemala: historical reconstruction and collective memory of the Mayan Chuj people |
| title_fullStr | Armed conflict in Guatemala: historical reconstruction and collective memory of the Mayan Chuj people |
| title_full_unstemmed | Armed conflict in Guatemala: historical reconstruction and collective memory of the Mayan Chuj people |
| title_short | Armed conflict in Guatemala: historical reconstruction and collective memory of the Mayan Chuj people |
| title_sort | armed conflict in guatemala historical reconstruction and collective memory of the mayan chuj people |
| topic | Cold War forced displacement state violence internal enemies sanctuary return guerra fría desplazamiento forzado violencia de Estado enemigos internos refugio retorno Guerre froide déplacement forcé violence d’État ennemis internes exil retour |
| topic_facet | Cold War forced displacement state violence internal enemies sanctuary return guerra fría desplazamiento forzado violencia de Estado enemigos internos refugio retorno Guerre froide déplacement forcé violence d’État ennemis internes exil retour |
| url | https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/historia_memoria/article/view/10791 |
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