Protection of tomato plants against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici induced by chitosan
Physiological processes of plants infected by vascular pathogens are mainly affected by vascular bundle obstruction, decreasing the absorption of water and nutrients and gas exchange by stomatal closure, and inducing oxidative cascades and PSII alterations. Chitosan, a derivative of chitin present i...
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| Format: | Online |
| Language: | eng |
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Sociedad Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas-SCCH and Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia-UPTC
2021
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| Online Access: | https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/ciencias_horticolas/article/view/12822 |
| _version_ | 1801706300253405184 |
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| author | Carmona, Sandra L. Villarreal-Navarrete, Andrea Burbano-David, Diana Gómez-Marroquín, Magda Torres-Rojas, Esperanza Soto-Suárez, Mauricio |
| author_facet | Carmona, Sandra L. Villarreal-Navarrete, Andrea Burbano-David, Diana Gómez-Marroquín, Magda Torres-Rojas, Esperanza Soto-Suárez, Mauricio |
| author_sort | Carmona, Sandra L. |
| collection | OJS |
| description | Physiological processes of plants infected by vascular pathogens are mainly affected by vascular bundle obstruction, decreasing the absorption of water and nutrients and gas exchange by stomatal closure, and inducing oxidative cascades and PSII alterations. Chitosan, a derivative of chitin present in the cell wall of some organisms including fungi, induces plant defense responses, activating systemic resistance. In this study, three chitosan molecules (low, medium and high molecular weight) at different concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 mg mL-1) were assessed by in vitro tests against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol). Concentrations higher than 1 mg mL-1 were found to inhibit significantly the mycelial growth of Fol, with 95.8% of inhibition using chitosan with high molecular weight (3 mg mL-1). For in planta assays, chitosan treatment (low molecular weight 2.5 mg mL-1) showed significantly lower incidence and severity of wilting disease symptoms, 70 and 91%, respectively, compared to healthy plants used as a negative control. The effect of chitosan on the physiological and molecular responses of tomato plants infected with Fol was studied, evaluating the maximum potential quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm), photochemical efficiency of PSII (Y(II)), stomatal conductance (gs), relative water content (RWC), proline content, photosynthetic pigments, dry mass, and differential gene expression (PAL, LOXA, ERF1, and PR1) of defense markers. A reduction of 70% in the incidence and 91% in the severity of the disease was achieved in plants treated with chitosan, mitigating the damage caused by Fol on Fv/Fm, Y(II), and chlorophyll contents by 23, 36, and 47%, respectively. Less impact was observed on gs, RWC, and dry mass (55, 11, and 26%, respectively). Chitosan-treated and Fol-infected plants over-expressed PR1a gene suggesting a priming-associated response. These results demonstrate the high potential of chitosan to protect tomato plants against Fol by regulating physiological and molecular responses in tomato plants. |
| format | Online |
| id | oai:oai.revistas.uptc.edu.co:article-12822 |
| institution | Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Sociedad Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas-SCCH and Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia-UPTC |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:oai.revistas.uptc.edu.co:article-128222022-03-31T13:57:07Z Protection of tomato plants against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici induced by chitosan Protección de plantas de tomate frente a Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici inducida por quitosán Carmona, Sandra L. Villarreal-Navarrete, Andrea Burbano-David, Diana Gómez-Marroquín, Magda Torres-Rojas, Esperanza Soto-Suárez, Mauricio Vascular wilt Resistance induction Priming Photosynthesis Differential gene expression Phytopathology Tomato Fusarium Marchitez vascular Inducción de resistencia Priming Fotosíntesis Expresión diferencial de genes Fitopatología Tomate Fusarium Physiological processes of plants infected by vascular pathogens are mainly affected by vascular bundle obstruction, decreasing the absorption of water and nutrients and gas exchange by stomatal closure, and inducing oxidative cascades and PSII alterations. Chitosan, a derivative of chitin present in the cell wall of some organisms including fungi, induces plant defense responses, activating systemic resistance. In this study, three chitosan molecules (low, medium and high molecular weight) at different concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 mg mL-1) were assessed by in vitro tests against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol). Concentrations higher than 1 mg mL-1 were found to inhibit significantly the mycelial growth of Fol, with 95.8% of inhibition using chitosan with high molecular weight (3 mg mL-1). For in planta assays, chitosan treatment (low molecular weight 2.5 mg mL-1) showed significantly lower incidence and severity of wilting disease symptoms, 70 and 91%, respectively, compared to healthy plants used as a negative control. The effect of chitosan on the physiological and molecular responses of tomato plants infected with Fol was studied, evaluating the maximum potential quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm), photochemical efficiency of PSII (Y(II)), stomatal conductance (gs), relative water content (RWC), proline content, photosynthetic pigments, dry mass, and differential gene expression (PAL, LOXA, ERF1, and PR1) of defense markers. A reduction of 70% in the incidence and 91% in the severity of the disease was achieved in plants treated with chitosan, mitigating the damage caused by Fol on Fv/Fm, Y(II), and chlorophyll contents by 23, 36, and 47%, respectively. Less impact was observed on gs, RWC, and dry mass (55, 11, and 26%, respectively). Chitosan-treated and Fol-infected plants over-expressed PR1a gene suggesting a priming-associated response. These results demonstrate the high potential of chitosan to protect tomato plants against Fol by regulating physiological and molecular responses in tomato plants. Los procesos fisiológicos de plantas infectadas por patógenos vasculares, se afectan principalmente por el taponamiento de los haces vasculares, disminuyendo la absorción de agua y nutrientes, el intercambio de gases por cierre estomático e induciendo cascadas oxidativas y alteraciones en el PSII. El quitosán induce la señalización y defensa de la planta, activando la resistencia sistémica. Se determinó la capacidad de inhibición de crecimiento in vitro de Fol de tres moléculas de quitosán (bajo, medio y alto peso molecular) a diferentes concentraciones (0.5, 1; 1,5; 2; 2,5 y 3 mg mL-1). Las concentraciones mayores a 1 mg mL-1 inhibieron el crecimiento de Fol, alcanzando 95,8% de inhibición con quitosán de alto peso molecular (3 mg mL-1). En plantas, el quitosán (bajo peso molecular 2,5 mg mL-1) redujo en 70% la incidencia y en 91% la severidad de la enfermedad. Se evaluó el efecto del quitosán sobre la respuesta fisiológica de plantas de tomate infectadas por Fol, observando la Fv/Fm, Y(II), conductancia estomática (gs), CRA, contenido de prolina, pigmentos fotosintéticos, masa seca y expresión diferencial de genes (PAL, LOXA, ERF1 y PR1) relacionados con la defensa. Se obtuvo una reducción de 70% en la incidencia y 91% en la severidad de la enfermedad en plantas tratadas con quitosán, mitigando el daño del patógeno sobre la Fv/Fm, Y(II) y contenidos de clorofila a respectivamente en 23, 36 y 47%. Se observó menor impacto (55, 11 y 26% respectivamente) sobre la gs, CRA y masa seca. Las plantas tratadas con quitosán e infectadas con Fol, expresaron una respuesta de defensa inducida por la sobreexpresión de los genes de defensa, principalmente el PR1a, en una respuesta asociada a priming. Esto comprueba la capacidad inductora de resistencia del quitosán en plantas de tomate, a través del efecto protector sobre procesos fisiológicos. Sociedad Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas-SCCH and Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia-UPTC 2021-07-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Text Texto application/pdf https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/ciencias_horticolas/article/view/12822 10.17584/rcch.2021v15i3.12822 Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas; Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021); e12822 Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas; Vol. 15 Núm. 3 (2021); e12822 Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas; Vol. 15 No 3 (2021); e12822 Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas; V. 15 N. 3 (2021); e12822 Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas; v. 15 n. 3 (2021); e12822 2422-3719 2011-2173 eng https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/ciencias_horticolas/article/view/12822/10801 Colombia; Cundinamarca; Mosquera Colombia; Cundinamarca; Mosquera Copyright (c) 2021 Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Vascular wilt Resistance induction Priming Photosynthesis Differential gene expression Phytopathology Tomato Fusarium Marchitez vascular Inducción de resistencia Priming Fotosíntesis Expresión diferencial de genes Fitopatología Tomate Fusarium Carmona, Sandra L. Villarreal-Navarrete, Andrea Burbano-David, Diana Gómez-Marroquín, Magda Torres-Rojas, Esperanza Soto-Suárez, Mauricio Protection of tomato plants against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici induced by chitosan |
| title | Protection of tomato plants against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici induced by chitosan |
| title_alt | Protección de plantas de tomate frente a Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici inducida por quitosán |
| title_full | Protection of tomato plants against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici induced by chitosan |
| title_fullStr | Protection of tomato plants against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici induced by chitosan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Protection of tomato plants against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici induced by chitosan |
| title_short | Protection of tomato plants against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici induced by chitosan |
| title_sort | protection of tomato plants against fusarium oxysporum f sp lycopersici induced by chitosan |
| topic | Vascular wilt Resistance induction Priming Photosynthesis Differential gene expression Phytopathology Tomato Fusarium Marchitez vascular Inducción de resistencia Priming Fotosíntesis Expresión diferencial de genes Fitopatología Tomate Fusarium |
| topic_facet | Vascular wilt Resistance induction Priming Photosynthesis Differential gene expression Phytopathology Tomato Fusarium Marchitez vascular Inducción de resistencia Priming Fotosíntesis Expresión diferencial de genes Fitopatología Tomate Fusarium |
| url | https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/ciencias_horticolas/article/view/12822 |
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