Capabilities and social capital in the face of natural hazards in the elderly: the case of the Nevados de Chillán Volcanic Complex, Chile
Chile has a high level of exposure and vulnerability to disaster risk processes and is also one of the five countries with the highest number of active volcanoes in the world. In addition to this scenario, there is a sustained increase in the aging population, which is a highly vulnerable age group...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Online |
| Language: | spa |
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Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
2022
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| Online Access: | https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/perspectiva/article/view/13434 |
| _version_ | 1801706799145943040 |
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| author | Sandoval Díaz, José Sebastian Monsalves Peña , Saron Vejar Valles, Vivana |
| author_facet | Sandoval Díaz, José Sebastian Monsalves Peña , Saron Vejar Valles, Vivana |
| author_sort | Sandoval Díaz, José Sebastian |
| collection | OJS |
| description | Chile has a high level of exposure and vulnerability to disaster risk processes and is also one of the five countries with the highest number of active volcanoes in the world. In addition to this scenario, there is a sustained increase in the aging population, which is a highly vulnerable age group in the face of natural hazards. However, previous experiences, local contexts and organizations can provide opportunities for older people to acquire and deploy adaptive coping skills in critical situations. For this reason, the present study analyzed the individual and collective capacities of older people exposed to volcanic risk in a rural area of southern Chile. A qualitative, phenomenological case design was used, and 15 elderly people were purposively selected. The collected data is produced through semi-structured interviews and a focus group, using the grounded theory coding process as an analysis strategy. As a first result, psychological resilience, positive aging and mobilization in the face of volcanic risk are identified as individual coping capacities. In terms of collective capacities, the role of social capital is identified as the presence of community and institutional links and organizational networks that facilitate processes of participation, involvement, trust and solidarity at the local level. In conclusion, the importance of incorporating the capacity for agency and positive aging in local disaster risk management is sustained, understanding that the strengthening of adaptation and resilience must be combined with participation and structural and institutional reduction of vulnerabilities. |
| format | Online |
| id | oai:oai.revistas.uptc.edu.co:article-13434 |
| institution | Revista Perspectiva Geográfica |
| language | spa |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:oai.revistas.uptc.edu.co:article-134342022-12-19T16:33:25Z Capabilities and social capital in the face of natural hazards in the elderly: the case of the Nevados de Chillán Volcanic Complex, Chile Capacidades y capital social ante un riesgo natural en personas mayores: el caso del Complejo Volcánico Nevados de Chillán, Chile Capacidades e capital social perante uma ameaça natural em idosos: o caso do Complexo Vulcânico Nevados de Chillán, Chile Sandoval Díaz, José Sebastian Monsalves Peña , Saron Vejar Valles, Vivana older adults coping capacities social capital active aging resilience volcanic risk rurality adultos mayores capacidades de afrontamiento capital social envejecimiento activo resiliencia riesgo volcánico ruralidad Chile has a high level of exposure and vulnerability to disaster risk processes and is also one of the five countries with the highest number of active volcanoes in the world. In addition to this scenario, there is a sustained increase in the aging population, which is a highly vulnerable age group in the face of natural hazards. However, previous experiences, local contexts and organizations can provide opportunities for older people to acquire and deploy adaptive coping skills in critical situations. For this reason, the present study analyzed the individual and collective capacities of older people exposed to volcanic risk in a rural area of southern Chile. A qualitative, phenomenological case design was used, and 15 elderly people were purposively selected. The collected data is produced through semi-structured interviews and a focus group, using the grounded theory coding process as an analysis strategy. As a first result, psychological resilience, positive aging and mobilization in the face of volcanic risk are identified as individual coping capacities. In terms of collective capacities, the role of social capital is identified as the presence of community and institutional links and organizational networks that facilitate processes of participation, involvement, trust and solidarity at the local level. In conclusion, the importance of incorporating the capacity for agency and positive aging in local disaster risk management is sustained, understanding that the strengthening of adaptation and resilience must be combined with participation and structural and institutional reduction of vulnerabilities. Chile presenta un alto nivel de exposición y vulnerabilidad frente a los procesos de riesgo de desastre y además es uno de los cinco países con más volcanes activos a nivel mundial. A este escenario se suma el incremento sostenido del envejecimiento poblacional, ya que se trata de un grupo etario altamente vulnerable ante situaciones de riesgo natural. Sin embargo, experiencias previas, contextos y organizaciones locales pueden propiciar oportunidades para que las personas mayores adquieran y desplieguen capacidades de afrontamiento adaptativas ante situaciones críticas. Por ello, en el presente trabajo se analizaron las capacidades individuales y colectivas de personas mayores expuestas al riesgo volcánico en una zona rural del sur de Chile. Se utilizó un diseño de caso cualitativo, de corte fenomenológico, y se seleccionaron intencionadamente 15 personas mayores. Los datos son producidos mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas y un grupo focal, utilizando como estrategia de análisis el proceso de codificación de la teoría fundamentada. Como primer resultado, se identifican, como capacidades de afrontamiento individuales, la resiliencia psicológica, el envejecimiento positivo y la movilización ante el riesgo volcánico. En términos de capacidades colectivas, se identifica el rol del capital social, como presencia de vínculos y redes organizativas comunitarias e institucionales que facilitan procesos de participación, implicación, confianza y solidaridad a escala local. Como conclusión, se sostiene la importancia de incorporar la capacidad de agencia y el envejecimiento positivo en la gestión local de riesgo de desastre, comprendiendo que el fortalecimiento de la adaptación y la resiliencia debe ir acompañado de participación y reducción estructural e institucional de las vulnerabilidades. O Chile apresenta um alto nível de exposição e vulnerabilidade diante dos processos de ameaça de desastres e além disso é um dos cinco países com mais vulcões ativos em nível mundial. A este cenário soma-se o aumento sustentado do envelhecimento da população, já que se trata de um grupo etário altamente vulnerável perante situações de risco natural. No entanto, experiências anteriores, contextos e organizações locais podem propiciar oportunidades para que as pessoas mais velhas adquirirem e desenvolverem capacidades de adaptação a situações críticas. Por isso, no presente trabalho foram analisadas as capacidades individuais e coletivas de pessoas idosas expostas ao risco vulcânico em uma zona rural do sul do Chile. Utilizou-se um desenho de caso qualitativo, de corte fenomenológico, e selecionaram-se intencionalmente 15 pessoas idosas. Os dados são produzidos mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas e um grupo focal, utilizando como estratégia de análise o processo de codificação da teoria fundamentada. Como primeiro resultado, identificam-se, como capacidades de enfrentamento individuais, a resiliência psicológica, o envelhecimento positivo e a mobilização ante o risco vulcânico. Em termos de capacidades coletivas, identifica-se o papel do capital social, como presença de vínculos e redes organizacionais comunitárias e institucionais que facilitam processos de participação, envolvimento, confiança e solidariedade a nível local. Em conclusão, sustenta-se a importância de incorporar a capacidade de agência e o envelhecimento positivo na gestão local do risco de catástrofe, compreendendo que o fortalecimento da adaptação e da resiliência deve ser acompanhado de participação e redução estrutural e institucional das vulnerabilidades. Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia 2022-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/perspectiva/article/view/13434 10.19053/01233769.13434 Perspectiva Geográfica; Vol. 27 No. 2 (2022): Environment, Health, and Aging; 40-59 Perspectiva Geográfica; Vol. 27 Núm. 2 (2022): Ambiente, Salud y Envejecimiento; 40-59 Perspectiva Geográfica; v. 27 n. 2 (2022): Meio ambiente, saúde e envelhecimento; 40-59 2500-8684 0123-3769 spa https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/perspectiva/article/view/13434/11885 Derechos de autor 2022 Saron Monsalves Peña , Vivana Vejar Valles, José Sandoval-Díaz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/legalcode |
| spellingShingle | older adults coping capacities social capital active aging resilience volcanic risk rurality adultos mayores capacidades de afrontamiento capital social envejecimiento activo resiliencia riesgo volcánico ruralidad Sandoval Díaz, José Sebastian Monsalves Peña , Saron Vejar Valles, Vivana Capabilities and social capital in the face of natural hazards in the elderly: the case of the Nevados de Chillán Volcanic Complex, Chile |
| title | Capabilities and social capital in the face of natural hazards in the elderly: the case of the Nevados de Chillán Volcanic Complex, Chile |
| title_alt | Capacidades y capital social ante un riesgo natural en personas mayores: el caso del Complejo Volcánico Nevados de Chillán, Chile Capacidades e capital social perante uma ameaça natural em idosos: o caso do Complexo Vulcânico Nevados de Chillán, Chile |
| title_full | Capabilities and social capital in the face of natural hazards in the elderly: the case of the Nevados de Chillán Volcanic Complex, Chile |
| title_fullStr | Capabilities and social capital in the face of natural hazards in the elderly: the case of the Nevados de Chillán Volcanic Complex, Chile |
| title_full_unstemmed | Capabilities and social capital in the face of natural hazards in the elderly: the case of the Nevados de Chillán Volcanic Complex, Chile |
| title_short | Capabilities and social capital in the face of natural hazards in the elderly: the case of the Nevados de Chillán Volcanic Complex, Chile |
| title_sort | capabilities and social capital in the face of natural hazards in the elderly the case of the nevados de chillan volcanic complex chile |
| topic | older adults coping capacities social capital active aging resilience volcanic risk rurality adultos mayores capacidades de afrontamiento capital social envejecimiento activo resiliencia riesgo volcánico ruralidad |
| topic_facet | older adults coping capacities social capital active aging resilience volcanic risk rurality adultos mayores capacidades de afrontamiento capital social envejecimiento activo resiliencia riesgo volcánico ruralidad |
| url | https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/perspectiva/article/view/13434 |
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