Hunger in Post-War Spain: Power, Survival Strategies, and Daily Resistance from a «Micro» Perspective (Málaga, 1939-1951)
After the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939), the Franco regime imposed a rationing system, justified by the international context and the destruction caused by the war. Until the early 1950s, in Spain, diet was affected by the scarcity of basic products and the inability to pay for them with the wages o...
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| Format: | Online |
| Language: | spa |
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Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
2023
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| Online Access: | https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/historia_memoria/article/view/14790 |
| _version_ | 1801706403239297024 |
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| author | Barranquero Texeira, Encarnación |
| author_facet | Barranquero Texeira, Encarnación |
| author_sort | Barranquero Texeira, Encarnación |
| collection | OJS |
| description | After the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939), the Franco regime imposed a rationing system, justified by the international context and the destruction caused by the war. Until the early 1950s, in Spain, diet was affected by the scarcity of basic products and the inability to pay for them with the wages of those years, as well as by difficulties in circulation and distribution, partly mitigated – or aggravated by high prices – through the «black market». In this article, using a «micro» approach, we explain the attitudes of the first provincial authorities (civil governors) and mayors of towns, based on their own official documental sources which dealt with topics related to the issue of supplies, in their directives, letters, regulations, punishments, and internal reports, thus, offering a particular portrait of an Andalusian province that can be extrapolated to the rest of the Spanish territory. We also show the material and social consequences of this policy on the population of the province of Málaga (Spain), and the reaction of the citizens to the rationing system, with a deployment of survival strategies and forms of daily resistance that characterized the decade of the 1940s.
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| format | Online |
| id | oai:oai.revistas.uptc.edu.co:article-14790 |
| institution | Revista Historia Y Memoria |
| language | spa |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publisher | Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:oai.revistas.uptc.edu.co:article-147902024-02-01T16:05:10Z Hunger in Post-War Spain: Power, Survival Strategies, and Daily Resistance from a «Micro» Perspective (Málaga, 1939-1951) Hambre en la posguerra española. Poder, estrategias de supervivencia y resistencias cotidianas a partir de un enfoque «micro» (Málaga, 1939-1951) La faim dans l’après-guerre espagnol. Pouvoir, stratégies de survie et résistance quotidienne à partir d’une approche «micro» (Málaga, 1939-1951) Barranquero Texeira, Encarnación Franquismo posguerra hambruna racionamiento resistencias cotidianas Francoism post-war famine rationing daily resistance franquisme après-guerre famine rationnement résistance quotidienne After the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939), the Franco regime imposed a rationing system, justified by the international context and the destruction caused by the war. Until the early 1950s, in Spain, diet was affected by the scarcity of basic products and the inability to pay for them with the wages of those years, as well as by difficulties in circulation and distribution, partly mitigated – or aggravated by high prices – through the «black market». In this article, using a «micro» approach, we explain the attitudes of the first provincial authorities (civil governors) and mayors of towns, based on their own official documental sources which dealt with topics related to the issue of supplies, in their directives, letters, regulations, punishments, and internal reports, thus, offering a particular portrait of an Andalusian province that can be extrapolated to the rest of the Spanish territory. We also show the material and social consequences of this policy on the population of the province of Málaga (Spain), and the reaction of the citizens to the rationing system, with a deployment of survival strategies and forms of daily resistance that characterized the decade of the 1940s. Acabada la Guerra Civil en España (1936-1939), el régimen franquista impuso un sistema de racionamiento justificado en el contexto internacional y la destrucción ocasionada por la guerra. Hasta los primeros años de la década de 1950 en España la dieta se vio afectada por la escasez de los productos básicos y la imposibilidad de pagarlos con los salarios de aquellos años, así como por las dificultades de circulación y distribución de los productos, en parte atenuado –o agravado, por los elevados precios–, con el «estraperlo» o «mercado negro». En este artículo, mediante un enfoque «micro», explicamos la actitud de las primeras autoridades provinciales (los gobernadores civiles) y de los alcaldes de los pueblos, a partir de las propias fuentes documentales oficiales que trataban el tema del abastecimiento en sus disposiciones, cartas, normativas, castigos e informes internos, capaces de ofrecer un particular retrato de una provincia andaluza extrapolable al resto del territorio español. También mostramos las consecuencias materiales y sociales de esta política sobre la población en la provincia de Málaga (España) y la reacción de los vecinos frente a dicho sistema de racionamiento, con un despliegue de estrategias de supervivencia y formas de resistencia cotidianas que caracterizaron la década de los años cuarenta. Après la guerre civile Espagnole (1936-1939), le régime franquiste a imposé un système de rationnement justifié par le contexte international et les ravages causés par la guerre. Jusqu’aux premières années de 1950, l’alimentation en Espagne était affectée par la rareté des produits de base et l’impossibilité de les payer avec les salaires en vigueur à l’époque, ainsi que par les difficultés de circulation et de distribution des produits, en partie atténuées –ou aggravé, étant donné les prix élevés–, au «marché noir». Dans cet article, au travers d’une approche «micro», on explique l’attitude des premières autorités provinciales (les gouverneurs civils) et des mairesdes communes en revenant sur les sources documentaires officielles qui traitaient de la question de l’approvisionnement dans leurs dispositions, à savoir lettres, règlements, sanctions et rapports internes, capables d’offrir un portrait particulier d’une province andalouse qui peut être extrapolé au reste du territoire espagnol. Nous montrons également les conséquences matérielles et sociales de cette politique sur la population de la province de Malaga (Espagne) et la réaction des habitants face à ce système de rationnement, avec un étalage des stratégies de survie et des formes de résistance quotidienne qui ont caractérisé la décennie des années quarante. Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia 2023-07-03 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/xml https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/historia_memoria/article/view/14790 10.19053/20275137.n27.2023.14790 Historia Y Memoria; No. 27 (2023): History of Food: Movement, Food Practices and Cultural Changes; 177-210 Historia Y Memoria; Núm. 27 (2023): Julio-Diciembre 2023: Historia de los Alimentos: circulación, prácticas alimenticias y cambios culturales; 177-210 Historia Y Memoria; No 27 (2023): Histoire des aliments: circulation, pratiques alimentaires et changements culturels; 177-210 2322-777X 2027-5137 10.19053/20275137.n27.2023 spa https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/historia_memoria/article/view/14790/13084 https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/historia_memoria/article/view/14790/13844 Derechos de autor 2023 Historia Y Memoria |
| spellingShingle | Franquismo posguerra hambruna racionamiento resistencias cotidianas Francoism post-war famine rationing daily resistance franquisme après-guerre famine rationnement résistance quotidienne Barranquero Texeira, Encarnación Hunger in Post-War Spain: Power, Survival Strategies, and Daily Resistance from a «Micro» Perspective (Málaga, 1939-1951) |
| title | Hunger in Post-War Spain: Power, Survival Strategies, and Daily Resistance from a «Micro» Perspective (Málaga, 1939-1951) |
| title_alt | Hambre en la posguerra española. Poder, estrategias de supervivencia y resistencias cotidianas a partir de un enfoque «micro» (Málaga, 1939-1951) La faim dans l’après-guerre espagnol. Pouvoir, stratégies de survie et résistance quotidienne à partir d’une approche «micro» (Málaga, 1939-1951) |
| title_full | Hunger in Post-War Spain: Power, Survival Strategies, and Daily Resistance from a «Micro» Perspective (Málaga, 1939-1951) |
| title_fullStr | Hunger in Post-War Spain: Power, Survival Strategies, and Daily Resistance from a «Micro» Perspective (Málaga, 1939-1951) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hunger in Post-War Spain: Power, Survival Strategies, and Daily Resistance from a «Micro» Perspective (Málaga, 1939-1951) |
| title_short | Hunger in Post-War Spain: Power, Survival Strategies, and Daily Resistance from a «Micro» Perspective (Málaga, 1939-1951) |
| title_sort | hunger in post war spain power survival strategies and daily resistance from a micro perspective malaga 1939 1951 |
| topic | Franquismo posguerra hambruna racionamiento resistencias cotidianas Francoism post-war famine rationing daily resistance franquisme après-guerre famine rationnement résistance quotidienne |
| topic_facet | Franquismo posguerra hambruna racionamiento resistencias cotidianas Francoism post-war famine rationing daily resistance franquisme après-guerre famine rationnement résistance quotidienne |
| url | https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/historia_memoria/article/view/14790 |
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