Epidemiological, Clinical and Diagnostic Features of FeLV and FIV: An Updated Review
Feline leukemia (FeLV) and immunodeficiency (FIV) viruses are pathogens which affect domestic cats and are classified within the Retroviridae family. These feline retroviruses feature a high capacity of mutation and recombination, which derives in a broad population of viral subtypes with variable p...
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| Format: | Online |
| Language: | spa |
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Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
2019
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| Online Access: | https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/ciencia_agricultura/article/view/9119 |
| _version_ | 1801706487947460608 |
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| author | Canto-Valdés, María Casandra Bolio-González, Manuel Emilio Ramírez-Álvarez, Hugo Cen-Cen, Carlos Josué |
| author_facet | Canto-Valdés, María Casandra Bolio-González, Manuel Emilio Ramírez-Álvarez, Hugo Cen-Cen, Carlos Josué |
| author_sort | Canto-Valdés, María Casandra |
| collection | OJS |
| description | Feline leukemia (FeLV) and immunodeficiency (FIV) viruses are pathogens which affect domestic cats and are classified within the Retroviridae family. These feline retroviruses feature a high capacity of mutation and recombination, which derives in a broad population of viral subtypes with variable pathogenic capacity. These viruses are of great importance in feline health, not only because of the severity of the clinical signs in patients, but also due to the diagnostic complexity which they can pose. The range of prevalence is wide among different studies and geographical zones, probably due to the influence of risk factors, clinical condition of cats and diagnostic tests used. The clinical signs of FeLV disease are variable, depending on the viral subtype and the host’s immune-compromise, as there could be lymphoma, leukemia, red cell aplasia myelosuppresion and immunodeficiency. On another hand, FIV has a marked tropism towards TCD4+ lymphocytes, triggering a characteristic immunodeficiency, but a frequent neurotropism has also been described. In both viruses, serological diagnostic is a routine procedure; however, in some situations it is not possible to identify correctly the infected cats. Recent studies have included Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) as a diagnostic method, opening a possibility to decreasing diagnostic errors for FeLV, but its effectiveness for FIV detection is still being discussed. The purpose of the present article is to provide updated and precise information about epidemiological, clinical and diagnostic aspects of FeLV and FIV in domestic cats. |
| format | Online |
| id | oai:oai.revistas.uptc.edu.co:article-9119 |
| institution | Revista Ciencia y Agricultura |
| language | spa |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publisher | Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | oai:oai.revistas.uptc.edu.co:article-91192021-07-12T04:46:36Z Epidemiological, Clinical and Diagnostic Features of FeLV and FIV: An Updated Review Aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos y de diagnóstico del ViLeF y VIF: una revisión actualizada Canto-Valdés, María Casandra Bolio-González, Manuel Emilio Ramírez-Álvarez, Hugo Cen-Cen, Carlos Josué cats diagnosis feline immunodeficiency virus feline leukemia virus prevalence diagnóstico gatos patogenia prevalencia virus de la inmunodeficiencia felina virus de la leucemia felina Feline leukemia (FeLV) and immunodeficiency (FIV) viruses are pathogens which affect domestic cats and are classified within the Retroviridae family. These feline retroviruses feature a high capacity of mutation and recombination, which derives in a broad population of viral subtypes with variable pathogenic capacity. These viruses are of great importance in feline health, not only because of the severity of the clinical signs in patients, but also due to the diagnostic complexity which they can pose. The range of prevalence is wide among different studies and geographical zones, probably due to the influence of risk factors, clinical condition of cats and diagnostic tests used. The clinical signs of FeLV disease are variable, depending on the viral subtype and the host’s immune-compromise, as there could be lymphoma, leukemia, red cell aplasia myelosuppresion and immunodeficiency. On another hand, FIV has a marked tropism towards TCD4+ lymphocytes, triggering a characteristic immunodeficiency, but a frequent neurotropism has also been described. In both viruses, serological diagnostic is a routine procedure; however, in some situations it is not possible to identify correctly the infected cats. Recent studies have included Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) as a diagnostic method, opening a possibility to decreasing diagnostic errors for FeLV, but its effectiveness for FIV detection is still being discussed. The purpose of the present article is to provide updated and precise information about epidemiological, clinical and diagnostic aspects of FeLV and FIV in domestic cats. Los virus de la leucemia felina (ViLeF) e inmunodeficiencia felina (VIF) están clasificados dentro de la familia Retroviridae y son patógenos que afectan a los gatos domésticos. Estos retrovirus felinos tienen alta capacidad de mutación y recombinación, lo cual favorece una amplia población de subtipos virales con capacidades patogénicas diferentes. Tienen gran relevancia en la salud felina, no solo por la severidad de las manifestaciones clínicas en los pacientes, sino también por la complejidad diagnóstica que pueden representar. El rango de prevalencias es amplio entre distintos estudios y zonas geográficas, probablemente por influencia de los factores de riesgo, las condiciones clínicas de los gatos y las pruebas diagnósticas utilizadas. Las manifestaciones clínicas de la patogenia del ViLeF son variables, dependiendo del subtipo viral y del inmunocompromiso del hospedero, ya que pueden existir linfomas, leucemias, aplasia eritrocitaria, mielosupresión e inmunodeficiencia. Por otro lado, el VIF tiene un marcado tropismo hacia los linfocitos TCD4+, lo cual desencadena una inmunodeficiencia característica, pero también se ha descrito un frecuente neurotropismo. Para ambos virus, el diagnóstico de rutina es de tipo serológico, sin embargo, en algunas situaciones no es posible identificar correctamente a los gatos infectados. En estudios recientes se ha incluido el diagnóstico de estos virus por medio de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR), lo que abre una posibilidad a la disminución de errores diagnósticos para el ViLeF, pero aún se discute su efectividad para la detección del VIF. El objetivo del presente artículo es proporcionar información actualizada y precisa sobre los aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos y de diagnóstico del ViLeF y VIF en gatos domésticos Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia 2019-05-01 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion research investigación application/pdf application/xml https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/ciencia_agricultura/article/view/9119 10.19053/01228420.v16.n2.2019.9119 Ciencia y Agricultura; Vol. 16 No. 2 (2019); 57-77 Ciencia y Agricultura; Vol. 16 Núm. 2 (2019); 57-77 2539-0899 spa https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/ciencia_agricultura/article/view/9119/7621 https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/ciencia_agricultura/article/view/9119/7843 https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/ciencia_agricultura/article/view/9119/7921 N.A. N.A. |
| spellingShingle | cats diagnosis feline immunodeficiency virus feline leukemia virus prevalence diagnóstico gatos patogenia prevalencia virus de la inmunodeficiencia felina virus de la leucemia felina Canto-Valdés, María Casandra Bolio-González, Manuel Emilio Ramírez-Álvarez, Hugo Cen-Cen, Carlos Josué Epidemiological, Clinical and Diagnostic Features of FeLV and FIV: An Updated Review |
| title | Epidemiological, Clinical and Diagnostic Features of FeLV and FIV: An Updated Review |
| title_alt | Aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos y de diagnóstico del ViLeF y VIF: una revisión actualizada |
| title_full | Epidemiological, Clinical and Diagnostic Features of FeLV and FIV: An Updated Review |
| title_fullStr | Epidemiological, Clinical and Diagnostic Features of FeLV and FIV: An Updated Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiological, Clinical and Diagnostic Features of FeLV and FIV: An Updated Review |
| title_short | Epidemiological, Clinical and Diagnostic Features of FeLV and FIV: An Updated Review |
| title_sort | epidemiological clinical and diagnostic features of felv and fiv an updated review |
| topic | cats diagnosis feline immunodeficiency virus feline leukemia virus prevalence diagnóstico gatos patogenia prevalencia virus de la inmunodeficiencia felina virus de la leucemia felina |
| topic_facet | cats diagnosis feline immunodeficiency virus feline leukemia virus prevalence diagnóstico gatos patogenia prevalencia virus de la inmunodeficiencia felina virus de la leucemia felina |
| url | https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/ciencia_agricultura/article/view/9119 |
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