Síntesis y caracterización de óxidos nanoestructurados de cerio modificados con praseodimio para ser aplicados en pilas de combustible de óxido sólido

1 recurso en línea (114 páginas) : ilustraciones color, figuras, tablas.

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Cruz Pacheco, Andrés Felipe
Other Authors:	Gómez Cuaspud, Jairo Alberto
Format:	Trabajo de grado - Maestría
Language:	spa
Published:	Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia 2019
Subjects:	Perovskita Pilas de combustible Maestría en Química - Tesis y disertaciones académicas Nanopartículas Materiales de nanoestructuras Método de combustión Nanomateriales Oxido de cerio Praseodimio SOFC
Online Access:	http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2584

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author	Cruz Pacheco, Andrés Felipe
author2	Gómez Cuaspud, Jairo Alberto
author_facet	Gómez Cuaspud, Jairo Alberto Cruz Pacheco, Andrés Felipe
author_sort	Cruz Pacheco, Andrés Felipe
collection	DSpace
description	1 recurso en línea (114 páginas) : ilustraciones color, figuras, tablas.
format	Trabajo de grado - Maestría
id	repositorio.uptc.edu.co-001-2584
institution	Repositorio Institucional UPTC
language	spa
publishDate	2019
publisher	Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
record_format	dspace
spelling	repositorio.uptc.edu.co-001-25842023-03-16T19:54:37Z Síntesis y caracterización de óxidos nanoestructurados de cerio modificados con praseodimio para ser aplicados en pilas de combustible de óxido sólido Cruz Pacheco, Andrés Felipe Gómez Cuaspud, Jairo Alberto Parra Vargas, Carlos Arturo Perovskita Pilas de combustible Maestría en Química - Tesis y disertaciones académicas Nanopartículas Materiales de nanoestructuras Método de combustión Nanomateriales Oxido de cerio Praseodimio SOFC 1 recurso en línea (114 páginas) : ilustraciones color, figuras, tablas. The properties of cerium dioxide are due to the fluorite crystal structure, which guarantees the mobility of oxygen ions and electrons on the surface and inside the material. In addition, the modification of cerium cations by praseodymium increase oxygen vacancies due to the interconversion of their oxidation states, causing in the solids, high structural stability at high temperatures, accompanied by improvements in the properties of ionic and electronic conductivity make it of great interest to be used as component in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). In this way, the (Ce1-xPrxO2 (X = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) and Pr6O11) system were obtained by the combustion method using citric acid as a chelating agent. In order to determine the best synthesis conditions in terms of the optimum temperature for the consolidation of the desired crystalline phases, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyzes (TGA-DTA) were performed in a temperature range between 25 °C and 1000 °C. After the combustion and calcination processes, the obtained solids were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), to determine the absorption bands associated with the citrate species formed and the subsequent removal of them after the heat treatment. The structural and morphological characteristics that resulted in the different modifications of cerium oxide after the calcination process at 800 °C were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), evidencing the obtaining of nanometric crystallites with homogeneous morphology. The magnetic behavior of the different synthesized systems was evaluated by the measurements of magnetization as a function of the temperature and the applied magnetic field, showing that all modifications of cerium oxide with praseodymium ions and pure praseodymium oxide have a paramagnetic behavior, in contrast with CeO2, which exhibits a diamagnetic behavior. In the same way, the magnetic susceptibility analyzes allowed to give an approximation of the oxidation states of the Ce and Pr ions in each of the synthesized oxides, by calculating the effective magnetic moments. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyzes corroborated the magnetic analyzes as to the identification of the valences and binding energies of the cerium and praseodymium cations. Surface area analysis using nitrogen adsorption isotherms by the BET method revealed that all the systems synthesized exhibit values between 70 and 135 m2 g-1, with pore volumes consistent with the classification of mesoporous materials. The oxygen storage capacity (OSC) measurements show that the proportional substitution of Ce ions by Pr increases the oxygen storage due to the generation of oxygen vacancies, caused by the presence of Pr3+ ions. In order to determine the structural stability of each oxide synthesized in reducing environments, programmed hydrogen reduction (TPR-H2) experiments were carried out, which allowed us to determine that the materials are partially stable up to 830 ° C. Finally, the electrical characterization by impedance spectroscopy (IE) allowed the determination of the electrical and ionic conduction processes by analyzing the equivalent circuits and the Nyquist diagrams of all the synthesized and calcined solids, identifying the most relevant material in terms conduction, structural stability, morphology and texture to be a possible anodic component in solid oxide fuel cells. Las propiedades del dióxido de cerio se deben en gran medida a la estructura cristalina tipo fluorita, la cual garantiza la movilidad de iones oxígeno y electrones tanto en la superficie como al interior del material. Además, la modificación de cationes cerio por praseodimio logra aumentar las vacancias de oxígeno debido a la interconversión de sus estados de oxidación, provocando en los sólidos, alta estabilidad estructural a altas temperaturas, acompañada de las mejoras en las propiedades de conductividad iónica y electrónica que lo hacen de gran interés para ser usado como componente en pilas de combustible de óxido sólido (SOFC). En este sentido se obtuvieron cinco óxidos de cerio modificados con praseodimio y praseodimio puro (Ce1-xPrxO2 (X = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) y Pr6O11) por el método de combustión, utilizando ácido cítrico como agente quelante. Para determinar las mejores condiciones de síntesis en términos de la temperatura óptima para la consolidación de las fases cristalinas deseadas se realizaron análisis termogravimétricos y térmicos diferenciales (ATG-ATD) en un intervalo de temperatura entre 25 °C y 1000 °C. Luego de los procesos de combustión y calcinación, los sólidos obtenidos se caracterizaron por espectroscopia infrarroja con transformada de Fourier (FTIR), para determinar las bandas de absorción asociadas con las especies citrato formadas y la posterior eliminación de las mismas luego del tratamiento térmico. Las características estructurales y morfológicas que resultaron en las diferentes modificaciones del óxido de cerio después del proceso de calcinación a 800 °C se analizaron, mediante difracción de rayos X (DRX), microscopia electrónica de transmisión (MET) y microscopia electrónica de barrido (MEB), evidenciándose la obtención de cristalitos nanométricos con morfología homogénea. El comportamiento magnético de los diferentes sistemas sintetizados se evaluó mediante las medidas de magnetización en función de la temperatura y el campo magnético aplicado, dejando entrever que todas las modificaciones del óxido de cerio con iones praseodimio y el óxido de praseodimio puro presentan un comportamiento paramagnético, en contraste con el CeO2, el cual exhibe un comportamiento diamagnético. De la misma manera, los análisis de susceptibilidad magnética permitieron dar una aproximación de los estados de oxidación en los que se encuentran los iones Ce y Pr en cada uno de los óxidos sintetizados, mediante el cálculo de los momentos magnéticos efectivos. Los análisis de espectroscopia fotoelectrónica de rayos X (XPS), corroboraron los análisis magnéticos, en cuanto a la identificación de los estados de oxidación y las energías de enlace de los cationes cerio y praseodimio. Los análisis de área superficial usando isotermas de adsorción de nitrógeno, por el método BET, revelo que todos los sistemas sintetizados exhiben valores entre 70 y 135 m2 g-1, con volúmenes de poro acordes a la clasificación de materiales mesoporosos. Las medidas de capacidad de almacenamiento de oxígeno (OSC), demuestran que la sustitución proporcional de iones Ce por Pr, incrementa el almacenamiento de oxígeno debido a la generación de vacancias de oxígeno, provocadas por la presencia de iones Pr3+. Para determinar la estabilidad estructural de cada óxido sintetizado en ambientes reductores, se llevaron a cabo experimentos de reducción a temperatura programada de hidrógeno (RTP-H2), los cuales permitieron determinar que los materiales son parcialmente estables hasta 830 °C. Por último, la caracterización eléctrica mediante espectroscopia de impedancias (EI), permitió determinar los procesos de conducción eléctrica y iónica mediante el análisis de los circuitos equivalentes y los diagramas de Nyquist de todos los sólidos sintetizados y calcinados, logrando identificar el material más relevante en términos de conducción, estabilidad estructural, morfología y textura para ser un posible componente anódico en pilas de combustible de óxido sólido. Bibliografía: páginas 104-114. Maestría Magíster en Química 2019-05-10T21:46:13Z 2019-05-10T21:46:13Z 2017 Trabajo de grado - Maestría http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Text https://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 Cruz Pacheco, A. F. (2017) . 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spellingShingle	Perovskita Pilas de combustible Maestría en Química - Tesis y disertaciones académicas Nanopartículas Materiales de nanoestructuras Método de combustión Nanomateriales Oxido de cerio Praseodimio SOFC Cruz Pacheco, Andrés Felipe Síntesis y caracterización de óxidos nanoestructurados de cerio modificados con praseodimio para ser aplicados en pilas de combustible de óxido sólido
title	Síntesis y caracterización de óxidos nanoestructurados de cerio modificados con praseodimio para ser aplicados en pilas de combustible de óxido sólido
title_full	Síntesis y caracterización de óxidos nanoestructurados de cerio modificados con praseodimio para ser aplicados en pilas de combustible de óxido sólido
title_fullStr	Síntesis y caracterización de óxidos nanoestructurados de cerio modificados con praseodimio para ser aplicados en pilas de combustible de óxido sólido
title_full_unstemmed	Síntesis y caracterización de óxidos nanoestructurados de cerio modificados con praseodimio para ser aplicados en pilas de combustible de óxido sólido
title_short	Síntesis y caracterización de óxidos nanoestructurados de cerio modificados con praseodimio para ser aplicados en pilas de combustible de óxido sólido
title_sort	sintesis y caracterizacion de oxidos nanoestructurados de cerio modificados con praseodimio para ser aplicados en pilas de combustible de oxido solido
topic	Perovskita Pilas de combustible Maestría en Química - Tesis y disertaciones académicas Nanopartículas Materiales de nanoestructuras Método de combustión Nanomateriales Oxido de cerio Praseodimio SOFC
url	http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/2584
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